BPC = body protection compound, ECM = extracellular matrix, TB = thymosin beta, GHK-Cu = glycine-histidyl-lysine-copper, NO = nitric oxide, PI3K = phosphoinositide 3-kinase, AKT = protein kinase B, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor, eNOS = endothelial nitric oxide synthase, TGF-B = transforming growth factor-beta, FAK = focal adhesion kinase, MAPK = mitogen-activated protein kinase, NF-kB = nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells, MMP = matrix metalloproteinases, NRF2 = nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
BPC-157 Key features Pentadecapeptide (15 aa) suitable for in-vitro and ex-vivo research
Full disclaimer 1.AOD-9604 is a 16-amino acid peptide fragment derived from human growth hormone (hGH residues 177-191) with added tyrosine, developed by Metabolic Pharmaceuticals for obesity treatment 2.Proposed mechanism: selective stimulation of lipolysis (fat breakdown) and inhibition of lipogenesis (fat formation) without growth hormone-like effects on IGF-1 or blood glucose 3.Failed Phase 2b clinical trial for obesity (2007)did not demonstrate statistically significant weight loss versus placebo, terminating clinical development for this indication 4.Received FDA "Generally Recognized as Safe" (GRAS) designation in 2023 as a food substance, but this is NOT a drug approval and does not establish efficacy for weight loss 5.Regulatory status: not FDA-approved as a drug, prohibited by WADA, and insufficient evidence for weight loss efficacy
Some patients experience mild fatigue during the first few days
