Ingredients Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea Fruit Extract (604,074ppm), Butylene Glycol, Niacinamide (50,000ppm), Panthenol (50,000ppm), Tranexamic Acid (40,000ppm), Water, 1,2-Hexanediol, Neopentyl Glycol Dicaprate, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Sorbitol, Bifida Ferment Lysate, Chondrus Crispus Extract, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Saccharum Officinarum (Sugarcane) Extract, Alpha- Arbutin, Sodium Hyaluronate, Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract, Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract, Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Root Extract, Corallina Officinalis Extract, Tremella Fuciformis (Mushroom) Extract, Pentylene Glycol, Glycerin, 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid (2,000ppm), Bisabolol, Tromethamine, Ethylhexylglycerin, Adenosine, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Allantoin, Glutathione (100ppm), Ceramide NP, Beta-Glucan, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Tocopherol, Ascorbic Acid (1ppb), Ascorbyl Glucoside (1ppb), Tocopheryl Acetate, Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin, Ubiquinone, Thioctic Acid, Potassium Hydroxide, Behenyl Alcohol, Carbomer, Xanthan Gum, Disodium EDTA

This helps keep the skin hydrated
Topical Application Topical delivery is by far the most common route in skin and hair studies
Every body composition claim about the compound extrapolates from preclinical mouse data