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influenzae , was also found to induce MUC5AC gene expression in human lung epithelial cells and in mice trachea treated with P6 (Chen et al., 2004)
doi: 10.1007/s00125-024-06329-8 97 ZhongTLiXLeiKTangRDengQLovePEet al
Although higher concentrations of drugs can be used to combat the biofilms, these doses often cause serious side effects to the host
COX2: Cyclooxygenase-2, IL-6=Interleukin-6, IL-1=Interleukin-1 beta, TNF-=Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Nrf2=Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, eNOS=Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, iNOS=Inducible nitric oxide synthase, NF-B=Nuclear factor kappa B, mRNA=Messenger RNA, KIM-1=Kidney injury molecule-1, TGF-=Transforming growth factor-beta 1, MiRNA=Micro RNA, PC=Protein carbonyls, LOOH=Lipid hydroperoxides, TSH=Total sulphydryl, GSTO1=Glutathione S-transferase omega 1, ROS=Reactive oxygen species, NGAL=Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, MAPK=Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, JNK=c-Jun N-terminal kinase, Bax=Bcl-2-associated X protein, Bcl-2=B-cell lymphoma 2, AKT2=AKT serine/threonine kinase 2, FOXO 1=Forkhead box O, PI3K/Akt/mTOR=Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Protein kinase B, Mammalian Target of Rapamycin MMP=Mitochondrial membrane potential, AQP3=Aquaporin-3 Mrp1=Multidrug resistance protein 1, Mrp4=Multidrug resistance protein 4 Mdr1b=Multidrug resistance protein 1b
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